English Tenses

English Tenses

 

English Tenses – merupakan perubahaan kata kerja berdasarkan urutan waktu. Tenses dibagi menjadi 3 yaitu : Present (sekarang), Past (lampau), Future (masa depan).

 

Sekarang saya akan menjelaskan Tenses dalam bahasa Inggris beserta contoh nya.

 

1.      Simple Tense

Yaitu menyatakan kebiasaan, fakta, dan peristiwa masa sekarang

            Rumus :

a.       Subject (I, you, we, they)

(+) = Subject + V1

(-) = Subject + do not + V1

(?) = Do + Subject + V1

b.      Subject (he, she, it)

(+) = Subject + V +s/es

(-) = Subject + does not + V1

(?) = Does + Subject + V1

            Contoh :

-          (+) Dodi reads a book

-          (-) I don’t read book

-          (?) Does he read book ?

 

2.      Simple Past Tense

Yaitu menyatakan masa lampau

            Rumus :

                                    ( + ): Subject + V2

                                    ( – ): Subject + did not + V1

( ? ): Did + Subject + V1

 

Contoh :

-          ( + ) Dodi went to beach yesterday.

-          ( – ) I didn’t read a book

-          ( ? ) Did he read a book?

 

3.      Simple Future Tense

Menyatakan peristiwa masa yang akan datang

Rumus :

            (+ ): Subject +  Will + V1

                        ( – ): Subject + Will not + V1

( ? ): Will+ Subject + V1         

Contoh :

 

-          ( + ) Dodi will return the book tomorrow

-          ( – ) I will not buy a book

-          ( ? ) will you buy a book?

 

 

4.      Present Continues Tense

Menyatakan Peristiwa atau tindakan yang sedang berlangsung sekarang atau saat pembicaraan berlangsung.

 

            Rumus :

                        (+ ): S + tobe (am, is are) + Verb I-ing

( – ): S + to be not + Verb I-ing

(?): To be + S + Verb I-ing

 

 

Contoh :

-          ( + ): She is cooking

-          ( – ): She is not cooking

-          ( ? ): Is she cooking

 

 

 

5.      Present Perfect Tense

Adalah bentuk kata kerja yang menanyakan suatu aksi yang dimulai di masa lalu, dan telah selesai pada waktu tertentu sebelum sekarang.

            Rumus :

                        Present perfect tense dibentuk dari Subject ditambah auxiliary verb seperti “have” (untuk I, You, They, We) dan “has” (untuk She, He, It) dan ditambah dengan bentuk kata kerja ke-3 atau “Past Participle” (Baik Irregular verb maupun regular verb). Dan Selebihnya dapat ditambah Objek kalimat dan Adverb (Kata keterangan).

 

 

            Contoh :

-          They have walked to the cinema (Mereka telah berjalan ke bioskop)

-          She has not (hasn’t) wanted me coming here.(Ia perempuan tidak ingin saya dating kesini)

-          The students have studied physic well.(Murid-murid itu telah belajar pelajaran Fisika dengan sungguh-sungguh)

-          The teacher has not come yet.(Guru itu belum datang)

-          You have come to the school .(Kamu telah datang ke sekolah)

 

6.      Present Perfect Continous Tense

Menyatakan tidakan atau peristiwa yang telah selesai pada masa lalu atau baru dimulai pada masa lalu dan masih berlansung hingga saat ini.

 

            Rumus :

                                    (+ ): S + has/have + been +  V1-ing

( – ): S + has/have not + been + V1-ing

( ? ): Has/Have + S + been + V1-ing

Contoh :

-          ( + ): She has been eating

-          ( – ): She has not been eating

-          ( ? ): Has shee been eating

 

 

7.      Past Perfect Tense

Menyatakan peristiwa atau tindakan yang berlangsang di masa lampau dan telah selesai pada waktu sebelum peristiwa lainnya terjadi.

Rumus:

( + ): S + had + V-3

( – ): S + had not + V-3

( ? ): had + S + V-3

Contoh :

-          ( + ): The taxi had left

-          ( – ): The taxi had not left

-          ( ? ): Had the taxi left?

 

 

 

8.      Past Continoues Tense

Menyatakan peristiwa tau tindakan yang terjedai pada waktu tertentu di masa lalu

Rumus:

( + ): S + was/were + Verb-ing

( – ): S + was/were not + Verb-ing

( ? ): was/were + S + Verb-ing

Contoh :

-          ( + ) I was studying last nite

-          ( – ) They were not studying last nite

-          ( ? ) was she studying  last nite

 

 

 

9.      Past Perfect Continuoues

Menyatakan suata peristiwa atau tindakan dengan lama waktu tertentu yang telah selasai pada waktu tertentau pada masa lampau

Rumus:

( + ): S+ had + been +Verb-ing

( – ): S + had not + been + Verb-ing

( ? ): Had + S + been + Verb-ing

Contoh :

-          ( + ): They had been studying

-          ( – ): They had not been studying

-          ( ? ): Had they been studying?

 

 

 

10.  Future Perfect Tense

Menyatakan peristiwa atau tindakan yang akan sudah selesai pada suatu waktu pada masa mendatang.

Rumus:

( + ): S + will + have + V-3

( – ):S + will not + have + V-3

( ? ): Will + S + have + V-3

Contoh:

-          ( + ): They will have studied

-          ( – ): They will not have studied

-          ( ? ): Will they be studied?

 

11.  Future Continuos Tense

Menyatakan peristiwa atau tindakan yang akan sedang terjadi pada suatu waktu tertentu pada masa mendatang

Rumus:

( + ): S + will be + Verb-ing

( – ): S + will not be + Verb-ing

( ? ): Will + S + be + Verb-ing

Contoh :

-          ( + ): She will be studying

-          ( – ): She will not be studying

-          ( ? ): Will she be playing

 

 

12.  Simple Past Future Tense

Menyatakan peristiwa atau tindakan yang akan dilakukan yang terjadi di masa lalu

Rumus:

Menggunakan would:

a.       ( + ): S + would + V-1

b.      ( – ): S + would not + V-1

c.       ( ? ): would + S + V-1

Menggunakan going:

a.       ( + ): S + was/were + going to + V-1

b.      ( – ): S + was/were not + going to + V-1

c.       ( ? ): Was/were + S + going to + V-1

Contoh :

-          ( + ): They would attend to this seminar

-          ( – ): They were not going attend to this seminar

-          ( ? ): Would they attend

 

13.  Past Future Continues Tense

Menyatakan peristiwa atau yang akan sedang dilakukan atau akan sedang terjadi pada masa akan datang ketika berada di masa lalu.

 

Rumus :

( + ): S + would/should + be + Verb-ing

( – ): S + would/should not + be + Verb-ing

( ? ): Would/should + S + be + Verb-ing?

Contoh :

-          ( + ): They would be studying

-          ( – ): They would not be studying

-          ( ? ): Would he be studying?

 

 

14.  Past Future Perfect Tense

Menyatakan  peristiwa atau tindakan yang akan telah dilakukan pada masa lampau

Rumus:

( + ): S + would/should + have + V-3

( – ): S + would/should + not + have + V-3

( ? ): Would/should + S + have + V-3

Contoh :

-          ( + ): Dian would have eaten

-          ( – ): Dian would not have gone

-          ( ? ): Would she have gone?

 

 

 

 

15.  Future Perfect Continues Tense

Menyatakan peristiwa atau tindakan yang telah berlagsung sekian lama pada waktu tertenatu pada masa yang akan datang.

Rumus:

( + ): S + will + have + been + Verb-ing

( – ): S + will not + have + been + Verb-ing

( ? ): Will + S + have + been + Verb-ing

Contoh :

-          ( + ): Doni will have been eating

-          ( – ): Doni will not have been eating

-          ( ? ): Will they have been eating?

 

16.  Past Future Perfect Continous Tense

Menyatakan peristiwa atau tindakan yang akan sudah berlangsung dalam waktu lama pada durasi waktu tertentu di masa lalu.

Rumus:

( + ): S + would/should + have + been +  V-ing

( – ): S + would/should + not + have + been +  V-ing

( ? ): Would/should + S + have +  been + V-ing

Contoh:

-          ( + ): Dian would have been sleeping

-          ( – ): Dian would not have been sleeping

-          ( ? ): Would she have been sleeping?

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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